Bar topnotcher 1961-1969 ; U.S. dollar rate vs Philippine Peso : 1960-2001

November 4, 2006 at 3:38 am
Miriam as SC chief?


TonGuE-tWisTeD Says:

November 4th, 2006 at 6:45 pm

Sabi ni Diego:

“Besides, a 78 % average bar exam is not an impressive record to become the first woman chief justice of the Philippines.”
Gusto ninyong malaman ang mga kilala (ko) sa mga bar topnotchers from 1961-70. Sila ang nasa hinog na edad para sa Supreme Court (di ko sinasabing sila ang mga kandidato ko):
Noong 1961, Si Defense Chief Avelino Cruz (SBC) ang #1 with 90.95 ave.; #3 si Manny Zamora (UP) 87.45. Ito yung mining magnate na kapatid ni Ronnie Zamora na nag-sponsor kay Sen. Lacson nung 2004.
1962, #4 si current SC Justice Adolf Azcuna (AdeMU) 86.8, #8 ang nasirang Haydee Yorac (UP) 85.95; #9 si Fr. Joaquin Bernas (AdeMU) 85.1; #10 si ex-Gen Prospero Olivas (BC) 84.95.
1963, #3 si ex-Sec. Wenceslao dela Paz (USA) 85.05; #5 ang co-founder ni Enrile na Pecabar Law na si Tony Picazo (UP) 84.9; #6 naman si Rene Saguisag (SBC) 84.85.
1964, #2 si Justice Demetrio Demetria (UE) 86.85
1965-1966 wala akong kilala sa mga topnotchers
1967, #4 ang pesteng si Cong. Douglas Cagas (UE) 87.15; #7 si kawawang SolGen Antonio Nachura (SBC) 85.7; #8 ang prosecution lawyer sa impeachment ni Erap na ngayon ay abogado ni Chavit na si Pablito Sanidad (UP) 85.5; #9 si ex-Sec. Fulgencio Factoran (UP) 84.9; #10 naman ang kasabwat ng Malacañang sa DFA na si USec. Franklin Ebdalin (AdeMU) 84.8.
1968, ang kilala ko lang ay si Atty. Jose Mario Buñag ng Ateneo, #2, 86.85.
1969, #1 si San Juan Cong. Ronnie Zamora (UP) 87.3; #3 si Senator Frank Drilon (UP) 86.85.
(Nawawala ko yung list from 1971 to present pero halos wala namang kilalang tao doon.)
Noong 1959 Bar Exams, nag-apply si Erap pero na-reject sa test dahil hindi gradweyt. Nagalit tuloy dahil araw-araw raw siyang nagpapraktis. Araw-araw, limang long neck!



















































October 22, 2006 at 9:03 am
Bayad utang sa mga heneral

cvj Says:

October 25th, 2006 at 2:30 am

Josephs, here’s the nominal peso:dollar exchange rate from 1960 to 2001 (tail-end of Carlos P. Garcia to early part of Gloria Arroyo Presidency)
1960 - 2.02, 1961 - 2.02, 1962 - 3.73, 1963 - 3.91, 1964 - 3.91, 1965 - 3.91, 1966 - 3.90, 1967 - 3.92, 1968 - 3.93, 1969 - 3.93, 1970 - 6.02, 1971 - 6.43, 1972 - 6.67, 1973 - 6.76, 1974 - 6.79, 1975 - 7.25, 1976 - 7.44 , 1977 - 7.40, 1978 - 7.37, 1979 - 7.38, 1980 - 7.51, 1981 - 7.90, 1982 - 8.54, 1983 - 11.11, 1984 - 16.70, 1985 - 18.61, 1986 - 20.39, 1987 - 20.57, 1988 - 21.10, 1989 - 21.74, 1990 - 24.31, 1991 - 27.48, 1992 - 25.51, 1993 - 27.24, 1994 - 26.33, 1995 - 25.77, 1996 - 26.25, 1997 - 29.42, 1998 - 40.84, 1999 - 39.14, 2000 - 44.24, 2001 - 51.05
1960 to 1994 rates - Source: Exchange Rate Movements in the Philippines Caesar B. Cororaton, February 1997;
1995 to 2001 rates - Source: Exchange Rate Policy in Philippine Development Romeo M. Bautista, August 2002;
According to “A Study on Philippine Exchange Rate Policies* by Joseph Y. Lim, “Significant devaluations occurred in 1962, 1970, 1983, and 1984; and more moderate ones in 1975, 1982, 1985, 1986, and 1990.”
As can also be seen there was significant depreciation as reflected in 1998 due to the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. Also, up to the early 90’s prior to full peso convertibility, there was a gap between the official exchange rate and the black market rate (set by the so-called ‘Binondo Central Bank’).
I can’t comment on the other depreciations, but the ones that occurred during 1983 and 1984 was due to Marcos’ foreign debt and the loss of confidence after Ninoy’s assassination. These are the ones that were accompanied by economic contraction (as measured by GDP). It has taken twenty years to recover from this catastrophe.







courtesy of Ellen Tordesillas website